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Abruptio Placentae Updated 4/2011

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BASICS

  • Description
  • Epidemiology
  • Risk Factors
  • General Prevention
  • Pathophysiology
  • Etiology
  • Associated Conditions

DIAGNOSIS

  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Tests
  • Differential Diagnosis

TREATMENT

  • Medication (Drugs)
  • Additional Treatment
  • Surgery
  • In-patient Considerations

Ongoing Care

  • Follow-Up Recommendations
  • Diet
  • Patient Education
  • Prognosis
  • Complications
The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
  • Premature separation of an otherwise normally implanted placenta
  • Grades:
    • Grade 1: Minimal or no bleeding; detected as retroplacental clot after delivery of viable fetus. Mild uterine irritability (40% of cases).
    • Grade 2: Viable fetus with bleeding and tender, irritable uterus. Mild-to-moderate bleeding; fibrinogen level decreased (45% of cases).
    • Grade 3: Type A with dead fetus and no coagulopathy; type B with dead fetus and coagulopathy (Types A and B = 15% of all cases)
Epidemiology
Incidence
  • 0.5–1.2% of all deliveries:
    • Placental abruption is the most common cause of serious vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy (1).
  • 15% if 1 prior abruption
  • 25% if 2 or more prior abruptions
  • 80% of cases occur prior to onset ...

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See Also
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Figure 20.3. The relation between vaginal bleeding and abruptio placentae. Credit: From Beckmann CRB M.D., M.H.P.E., Ling FW M.D., Laube DW M.D., M.ED., Smith RP M.D., Barzansky BM PH.D., M.H.P.E., and Herbert WNM.D.. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 4th Edition. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002.
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