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Hypercholesterolemia Updated 4/2011

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BASICS

  • Description
  • Epidemiology
  • Risk Factors
  • General Prevention
  • Pathophysiology
  • Etiology
  • Associated Conditions

DIAGNOSIS

  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Tests

TREATMENT

  • Medication (Drugs)
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Ongoing Care

  • Follow-Up Recommendations
  • Diet
  • Prognosis
  • Complications
The following is an excerpt....
BASICS

Description
  • Serum cholesterol >200 mg/dL (5.18 mmol/L):
    • Due mainly to lifestyle habits in Westernized countries; however, genetic and secondary causes should be considered.
  • Lipoprotein subpopulations are commonly used to augment risk prediction, favoring the term dyslipidemia, which encompasses high-density lipoprotein fraction of cholesterol (HDL): Atheroprotective. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): Atherogenic. Triglycerides.
  • Fredrickson classification is helpful to identify specific elevations in chylomicrons (type I), beta lipoproteins (LDL) (type II), broad beta disease (type III), VLDL or pre-beta lipoproteins (type IV), or chylomicrons and VLDL (type V), which may suggest distinct genetic disorders. However, this classification system is limited by its exclusion of HDL and the inability to differentiate monogenic disorders from more common polygenic disorders ...

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See Also
Images >
1
Xanthelasma Slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed plaques in the skin, xanthelasmas appear along the nasal portions of one or both eyelids. They may accompany lipid disorders (e.g., hypercholesterolemia), but may also occur independently. Credit: Source of photo: Tasman W, Jaeger E (eds): The Wills Eye Hospital Atlas of Clinical Ophthalmology, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.
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