The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
Arthropods affect humans by inoculating poison or irritative substances through a bite or sting, by invading tissue, and rarely, by contact allergy. Responses may include:
- Local redness with itch, pain, and swelling, usually immediate and transient
- Large local reactions increasing over 24–48 h with inflammation
- Systemic reactions with signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis or systemic toxin effects
- Tissue necrosis
- Secondary infection
- Diseases or late effects of inoculated microorganisms carried by the insect
Epidemiology
Incidence
Approximately 50 deaths/year from fatal anaphylactic reaction to Hymenoptera stings (i.e., yellow jackets, bees, wasps most common)
Prevalence
Widespread, with regional and seasonal variations
Risk Factors
- Previous sensitization is key to most severe allergic reactions, but exposure history may not be ...
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