The following is an excerpt....
BASICS
Description
- Increased portal venous pressure >5–10 mm Hg that occurs in association with splanchnic vasodilatation, portosystemic collateral formation, and a hyperdynamic circulation
- Most commonly secondary to elevated hepatic venous pressure gradient (the gradient between the portal and central venous pressures)
- Course is generally progressive, with risk of complications including acute variceal bleeding, ascites, encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome.
Epidemiology
Incidence
- Incidence/prevalence in the US is unknown.
- Predominant age: Adult
- Predominant sex: Male > Female
Risk Factors
See Etiology.
Genetics
No known genetic patterns except those associated with specific hepatic diseases that cause portal hypertension (HTN)
Etiology
- Causes generally classified as:
- Prehepatic (portal vein thrombosis or obstruction)
- Intrahepatic (most commonly cirrhosis)
- Posthepatic (hepatic vein thrombosis, Budd Chiari syndrome, right-sided ...
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